Natural resources
Natural resources of Nigeria
Oil, gas, minerals, forests and water in Nigeria: what it produces, how it ranks in the world, who mines it and what it earns. Every figure is from an official source and is updated when the source is.
Resource rents, share of GDP (2021)
8.6 %
Resources, share of goods exports (2025)
87.4 %
Crude oil, barrels a day (2025)
1,605,414
Natural gas, billion cubic metres (2024)
39.1
Source: World Bank; UN Comtrade; U.S. Energy Information Administration. Last checked 24 October 2026.
Oil, gas and coal
Nigeria produced about 1,605,414 barrels of crude oil a day in 2025. Proved oil reserves were 36.9 billion barrels in 2021. It produced 39.1 billion cubic metres of natural gas in 2024, and exported 18.5 billion. Proved gas reserves were 5.8 trillion cubic metres in 2021. Coal output was 1,262 thousand tonnes in 2024.
View the data as a table
| Period | Crude oil |
|---|---|
| 2010 | 2,408 |
| 2011 | 2,474 |
| 2012 | 2,457 |
| 2013 | 2,307 |
| 2014 | 2,347 |
| 2015 | 2,171 |
| 2016 | 1,871 |
| 2017 | 1,946 |
| 2018 | 1,910 |
| 2019 | 1,946 |
| 2020 | 1,775 |
| 2021 | 1,523 |
| 2022 | 1,291 |
| 2023 | 1,442 |
| 2024 | 1,489 |
| 2025 | 1,605 |
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Data. Last checked 24 October 2026.
View the data as a table
| Period | Production | Exports |
|---|---|---|
| 2010 | 29.0 | 24.0 |
| 2011 | 41.3 | 26.0 |
| 2012 | 42.6 | 27.1 |
| 2013 | 38.4 | 21.9 |
| 2014 | 43.8 | 24.9 |
| 2015 | 45.1 | 26.3 |
| 2016 | 41.8 | 23.3 |
| 2017 | 44.5 | 27.2 |
| 2018 | 45.6 | 27.0 |
| 2019 | 46.3 | 27.5 |
| 2020 | 46.8 | 27.8 |
| 2021 | 43.5 | 23.0 |
| 2022 | 40.1 | 20.3 |
| 2023 | 37.1 | 17.9 |
| 2024 | 39.1 | 18.5 |
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Data. Last checked 24 October 2026.
| Tantalum | 390 | metric tons | 3 | 15.6 | 3 | NA |
| Beryllium | 40 | metric tons | 4 | 9.3 | 1 | Not published |
| Rare Earths | 1,500 | metric tons | 10 | 0.4 | 2 | NA |
| Tin | 3,500 | metric tons | 13 | 1.2 | 3 | NA |
Source: U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026. Last checked 24 October 2026.
Mining and minerals
The U.S. Geological Survey records 64 mineral commodities with published production in Nigeria between 2017 and 2021, from metals and gemstones to industrial minerals and fuels. The table includes processed products such as cement and steel, which USGS reports alongside raw minerals.
Showing 64 of 64
| Beryl | Metals | Not published | 18 | 35 | 1 | 2 | Not published | 2017: e; 2019: r; 2021: -- |
| Gold, mine, Au content | Metals | kilograms | 76 | 34 | 38 | 400 | 349 | 2019: r |
| Iron ore, mine, gross weight | Metals | Not published | 1,560 | 1,583 | 160 | 128 | 3,078 | Not published |
| Iron ore, mine, fe content | Metals | Not published | 890 | 980 | 100 | 80 | 1,900 | Not published |
| Iron and steel, raw steel | Metals | Not published | 620,000 | 620,000 | 610,000 | 590,000 | 610,000 | 2018: r; 2019: r |
| Lead, mine, Pb content | Metals | Not published | 21,000 | 18,000 | 24,000 | 20,000 | 40,000 | Not published |
| Lead, refinery, secondary | Metals | Not published | 8,300 | 6,000 | 12,000 | 12,000 | 25,000 | 2018: e; 2019: e; 2020: e |
| Manganese, mine, gross weight | Metals | Not published | 37,350 | 58,666 | 1,100 | 20,000 | 57,392 | 2019: r |
| Manganese, mine, mn content | Metals | Not published | 13,000 | 21,000 | 400 | 7,200 | 21,000 | 2019: r |
| Niobium, mineral concentrate, gross weight | Metals | Not published | 923 | 1,306 | 587 | 509 | 510 | 2017: r; 2019: r; 2021: e |
| Niobium, mineral concentrate, nb content | Metals | Not published | 63 | 89 | 40 | 35 | 35 | 2019: r |
| Rare earths, monazite concentrate | Metals | Not published | 55 | 50 | 54 | 210 | 210 | 2017: e; 2018: e; 2019: e; 2021: e |
| Tantalum, mineral concentrate, gross weight | Metals | Not published | 923 | 1,306 | 587 | 509 | 510 | 2017: r; 2019: r; 2021: e |
| Tantalum, mineral concentrate, ta content | Metals | Not published | 180 | 260 | 110 | 100 | 100 | 2019: r |
| Tin, mine, cassiterite concentrate, gross weight | Metals | Not published | 12,324 | 11,721 | 2,437 | 1,703 | 23,871 | 2019: r |
| Tin, mine, cassiterite concentrate, sn content | Metals | Not published | 8,300 | 7,800 | 1,600 | 1,100 | 16,000 | 2019: r |
| Tungsten, mine, wolframite concentrate, gross weight | Metals | Not published | 4 | 50 | 1,160 | 1,150 | 46 | 2019: r; 2020: e |
| Tungsten, mine, wolframite concentrate, w content | Metals | Not published | 2 | 24 | 550 | 520 | 23 | 2018: r; 2019: r |
| Zinc, mine, Zn content | Metals | Not published | 22,000 | 27,000 | 23,000 | 27,000 | 33,000 | 2017: r; 2018: r; 2019: r |
| Zirconium, zircon | Metals | Not published | 1,799 | 120 | 8,161 | 700 | 3,033 | 2018: r; 2019: r |
| Barite | Industrial Minerals | Not published | 714 | 83 | 348 | 390 | 460 | 2018: r; 2019: r |
| Cement, hydraulic | Industrial Minerals | thousand metric tons | 19,000 | 22,000 | 23,000 | 26,000 | 29,000 | 2018: r; 2019: r |
| Bentonite | Industrial Minerals | Not published | 1,700 | 120 | 120 | 120 | 120 | 2017: e; 2019: e; 2020: e; 2021: e |
| Kaolin | Industrial Minerals | Not published | 46,935 | 10,429 | 11,352 | 14,346 | 23,530 | 2019: r |
| Shale | Industrial Minerals | thousand metric tons | 847 | 1,026 | 1,092 | 1,073 | 1,086 | 2019: r |
| Unspecified | Industrial Minerals | thousand metric tons | 1,237 | 1,752 | 2,875 | 1,904 | 2,100 | 2019: r; 2021: e |
| Feldspar, mine | Industrial Minerals | Not published | 27,660 | 26,409 | 33,702 | 31,375 | 43,997 | 2018: r; 2019: r |
| Fluorspar, metallurgical grade | Industrial Minerals | Not published | Not published | Not published | 4,730 | 17,557 | 6,275 | 2017: --; 2018: -- |
| Amethyst | Industrial Minerals | kilograms | 5,700 | 6,300 | 10,000 | 500 | 1,451 | 2017: e; 2019: r |
| Garnet | Industrial Minerals | kilograms | 600 | 800 | 6,000 | 6,000 | 6,000 | 2017: e; 2019: r; 2020: e; 2021: e |
| Sapphire | Industrial Minerals | kilograms | 320 | 644 | 1,700 | 1,700 | 1,700 | 2017: e; 2018: r; 2019: r, e; 2020: e; 2021: e |
| Topaz | Industrial Minerals | kilograms | 6,013 | 22,240 | 1,760 | 1,800 | 6,341 | 2019: r |
| Tourmaline | Industrial Minerals | kilograms | 11,000 | 13,000 | 15,000 | 17,000 | 20,000 | 2017: r; 2018: r; 2019: r |
| Gypsum | Industrial Minerals | Not published | 16,619 | 39,052 | 22,637 | 43,776 | 13,401 | 2019: r |
| Laterite | Industrial Minerals | thousand metric tons | 2,702 | 3,484 | 6,479 | 5,647 | 7,316 | 2019: r |
| Mica | Industrial Minerals | Not published | 1,180 | 1,080 | 212 | 150 | 2,530 | 2018: r; 2019: r |
| Ammonia | Industrial Minerals | Not published | 790,000 | 740,000 | 700,000 | 710,000 | 1,100,000 | 2017: e; 2018: r; 2019: r |
| Urea | Industrial Minerals | Not published | 1,400,000 | 1,500,000 | 1,500,000 | 1,500,000 | 2,300,000 | Not published |
| Sand and gravel, industrial, silica sand | Industrial Minerals | thousand metric tons | 28 | 38 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2019: r |
| Sand and gravel, sand | Industrial Minerals | thousand metric tons | 2,393 | 1,486 | 2,312 | 2,000 | 1,663 | 2019: r; 2020: e |
| Granite | Industrial Minerals | thousand metric tons | 9,958 | 11,142 | 12,870 | 15,613 | 25,037 | 2019: r |
| Limestone | Industrial Minerals | thousand metric tons | 19,434 | 25,605 | 32,853 | 34,866 | 44,708 | 2019: r |
| Marble | Industrial Minerals | Not published | 16,047 | 21,650 | 4,572 | 70,805 | 46,920 | 2018: r; 2019: r |
| Marl | Industrial Minerals | thousand metric tons | 228 | 150 | 79 | 80 | 80 | 2018: r, e; 2019: r; 2021: e |
| Dimension, granite | Industrial Minerals | Not published | 6,933 | 28,421 | 3,258 | 1,949 | 1,900 | 2019: r; 2021: e |
| Basalt | Industrial Minerals | Not published | 2,700 | 4,000 | 5,267 | 3,400 | 1,560 | 2017: r, e; 2018: r, e; 2019: r; 2020: e |
| Dolomite | Industrial Minerals | Not published | 26,221 | 23,664 | 34,506 | 47,493 | 38,280 | 2018: r; 2019: r |
| Sandstone | Industrial Minerals | Not published | 80 | 133 | 129 | 130 | 130 | 2017: e; 2019: r, 4; 2020: e; 2021: e |
| Sulfur, S content | Industrial Minerals | Not published | 1,000 | 25 | 50 | Not published | Not published | 2017: e; 2018: e; 2019: e; 2020: --; 2021: -- |
| Talc | Industrial Minerals | Not published | 1,897 | 1,427 | 3,414 | 10,501 | 65,061 | 2018: r; 2019: r |
| Coal, bituminous | Mineral Fuels And Related Materials | Not published | 638,062 | 1,909,813 | 1,021,308 | 1,725,363 | 1,444,139 | 2019: r |
| Liquefied natural gas | Mineral Fuels And Related Materials | thousand metric tons | 20,400 | 20,200 | 20,900 | 20,600 | 16,900 | Not published |
| Gross million cubic meters | Mineral Fuels And Related Materials | Not published | 82,164 | 80,321 | 81,125 | 77,279 | 74,000 | 2021: e |
| Marketable | Mineral Fuels And Related Materials | Not published | 46,677 | 46,997 | 47,708 | 48,063 | 45,900 | Not published |
| Crude, including condensate | Mineral Fuels And Related Materials | thousand 42-gallon barrels | 688,117 | 701,432 | 735,244 | 644,362 | 564,900 | 2017: r |
| Butane | Mineral Fuels And Related Materials | thousand 42-gallon barrels | 2,529 | 2,358 | 2,570 | 2,470 | 3,100 | 2021: e |
| Pentane | Mineral Fuels And Related Materials | thousand 42-gallon barrels | 13,561 | 10,201 | 11,205 | 13,452 | 17,000 | 2021: e |
| Propane | Mineral Fuels And Related Materials | thousand 42-gallon barrels | 2,920 | 2,480 | 2,611 | 2,521 | 3,200 | 2021: e |
| Distillate fuel oil | Mineral Fuels And Related Materials | thousand 42-gallon barrels | 6,453 | 2,528 | 613 | Not published | Not published | 2020: --; 2021: -- |
| Gasoline | Mineral Fuels And Related Materials | thousand 42-gallon barrels | 5,757 | 3,142 | 1,083 | Not published | Not published | 2020: --; 2021: -- |
| Kerosene | Mineral Fuels And Related Materials | thousand 42-gallon barrels | 5,217 | 2,847 | 982 | Not published | Not published | 2020: --; 2021: -- |
| Liquefied petroleum gas | Mineral Fuels And Related Materials | thousand 42-gallon barrels | 887 | 605 | 44 | Not published | Not published | 2020: --; 2021: -- |
| Residual fuel oil | Mineral Fuels And Related Materials | thousand 42-gallon barrels | 4,624 | 2,551 | 1,262 | Not published | Not published | 2020: --; 2021: -- |
| Total | Mineral Fuels And Related Materials | thousand 42-gallon barrels | 22,900 | 11,700 | 3,980 | Not published | Not published | 2020: --; 2021: -- |
Source: U.S. Geological Survey, Minerals Yearbook, country tables. Last checked 24 October 2026.
Showing 159 of 159
| Barite | Artisanal and small scale miners | Mines in Benue State | 710 | Not published |
| Cement | Dangote Cement Plc | Plant at Obajana in Kogi State | 13,250,000 | Not published |
| Cement | Dangote Cement Plc | Plant at Ibese in Ogun State | 12,000,000 | Not published |
| Cement | Dangote Cement Plc | Plant at Gboko in Benue State | 4,000,000 | Not published |
| Cement | United Cement Co. of Nigeria Ltd. (LafargeHolcim Group, 100%) | Plant at Mfamosing in Cross River State | 5,000,000 | Not published |
| Cement | West African Portland Cement Co. Ltd. (LafargeHolcim Group, 76.3%) | Two plants at Ewekoro | 3,500,000 | Not published |
| Cement | West African Portland Cement Co. Ltd. (LafargeHolcim Group, 76.3%) | Plant at Sagamu | 1,000,000 | Not published |
| Cement | Ashaka Cement Plc (LafargeHolcim Group, 76.3%) | Plant at Ashaka | 1,000,000 | Not published |
| Cement | Edo Cement Co. Ltd. (BUA Group, 87%) | Plant at Okpella in Edo State | 6,000,000 | Not published |
| Cement | Edo Cement Co. Ltd. (BUA Group, 87%) | Plant at Okpella in Edo State | 500,000 | Not published |
| Cement | Kalambaina Cement Company Ltd. (subsidiary of BUA Group) | Plant in Sokoto State | 1,500,000 | Not published |
| Cement | Cement Co. of Northern Nigeria Plc (BUA Group, 50.7%) | Plant at Sokoto in Sokoto State | 500,000 | Not published |
| Kaolin | Porcelainware Industries Ltd. | Mine in Ogun State | 20,000 | Not published |
| Clay, other | Dangote Cement Plc | Mine in Kogi State | 1,500,000 | Not published |
| Clay, other | BUA International Ltd. (BUA Group) | Mine in Edo State | 180,000 | Not published |
| Clay, other | Purechem Industries Ltd. | Mine in Ogun State | 48,000 | Not published |
| Clay, other | Porcelainware Industries Ltd. | Mine in Ogun State | 38,000 | Not published |
| Shale | West African Portland Cement Co. Ltd. (LafargeHolcim Group, 76.3%) | Quarries in Ogun State | 790,000 | Not published |
| Shale | United Cement Co. of Nigeria Ltd. (LafargeHolcim Group, 100%) | Quarries in Cross River State | 670,000 | Not published |
| Shale | Dangote Cement Plc | Quarries in Ogun State | 650,000 | Not published |
| Coal | Zuma 828 Coal Ltd. (subsidiary of Eta Zuma Group Ltd.) | Mines in Kogi State | 570,000 | Not published |
| Coal | Ashaka Cement Plc (LafargeHolcim Group, 76.3%) | Mine in Gombe State | 170,000 | Not published |
| Copper, secondary | Sun & Sand Industries Ltd. | Plant at Ota | Not published | Not published |
| Amethyst | Artisanal and small scale miners | Mines in Kaduna State | 7,000 | kilograms |
| Amethyst | Artisanal and small scale miners | Mines in Plateau State | 5,600 | kilograms |
| Amethyst | Artisanal and small scale miners | Mines in Nasarawa State | 110 | kilograms |
| Aquamarine | Artisanal and small scale miners | Mines in Nasarawa State | Not published | Not published |
| Garnet | Artisanal and small scale miners | Mines in Plateau State | 890 | kilograms |
| Sapphire do. | Artisanal and small scale miners | Mines in Kaduna State | 700 | Not published |
| Topaz do. | Artisanal and small scale miners | Mines in Niger State | 17,000 | Not published |
| Topaz do. | Artisanal and small scale miners | Mines in Plateau State | 8,100 | Not published |
| Tourmaline do. | Artisanal and small scale miners | Mines in Oyo State | 6,100 | Not published |
| Tourmaline do. | Artisanal and small scale miners | Mines in Kwara State | Not published | Not published |
| Gold, mine | Artisanal and small scale miners | Mines in Kaduna State | Not published | Not published |
| Gypsum | Ashaka Cement Plc (LafargeHolcim Group, 76.3%) | Mine at Fika in Yobe State | 63,000 | Not published |
| Iron ore | National Iron Ore Mining Co. Ltd. (Government, 100%) | Mine at Itakpe | Not published | Not published |
| Iron and steel, raw steel | Standard Metallurgical Company Ltd. | Electric arc furnace at Sagamu | 250,000 | Not published |
| Iron and steel, raw steel | African Steel Mills Ltd. (Liberty Group) | Electric arc furnace at Ikorodu | 200,000 | Not published |
| Iron and steel, raw steel | Dana Steel Ltd. | Electric arc furnace at Katsina | 180,000 | Not published |
| Iron and steel, raw steel | Nigerian Spanish Engineering Co. | Electric arc furnace at Kano | 72,000 | Not published |
| Iron and steel, raw steel | Universal Steel Co. | Electric arc furnace at Ikeja | 50,000 | Not published |
| Iron and steel, raw steel | Federated Steel Mills Ltd. | Electric arc furnace at Ota | 40,000 | Not published |
| Laterite | Dangote Cement Plc | Mines in Lagos State | 850,000 | Not published |
| Laterite | Dangote Cement Plc | Mine in Ogun State | 650,000 | Not published |
| Laterite | Julius Berger Nigeria Plc | Mines in Akwa Ibom and Ogun States | 1,400,000 | Not published |
| Laterite | Mothercat Ltd. | Mine in Katsina State | 540,000 | Not published |
| Laterite | CCECC Nigeria Ltd. | Mine in Federal Capital Territory | 380,000 | Not published |
| Laterite | P.W. Nigeria Ltd. | Mine in Ogun State | 180,000 | Not published |
| Lead, mine | Tongyi Allied Mining Ltd. | Mine in Federal Capital Territory | Not published | Not published |
| Manganese | Sino Minmetals Nigeria Ltd. | Mine in Kebbi State | 130,000 | Not published |
| Manganese | Luxeon Mining Company Ltd. | Mine in Kebbi State | 50,000 | Not published |
| (Metric tons unless otherwise specified) | Major operating companies and major | Not published | Not published | Not published |
| Commodity | equity owners | Location of main facilities | Not published | Not published |
| Marketed million cubic | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Shell Petroleum | Gbar oilfield at Gbaran-Ubie and 27 | 21,000 | Not published |
| meters | Development Company of Nigeria (SPDC) joint venture [NNPC, 55%; SPDC, 30%; Total E&P Nigeria Ltd., 10%; Nigerian Agip Oil Company Ltd. (NAOC), 5%] | other oilfields | Not published | Not published |
| meters | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Nigerian Agip Oil Company Ltd. (NAOC) joint venture (NNPC, 60%; NAOC, 20%; Phillips Oil Company Nigeria Ltd., 20%) | Idu oilfield at Iduobosuku and other oilfields | 9,300 | Not published |
| meters | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Chevron Nigeria Ltd. joint venture (NNPC, 60%, and Chevron Nigeria Ltd., 40%) | Okan offshore oilfield and 26 other oilfields | 5,700 | Not published |
| meters | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Total E&P Nigeria Ltd. joint venture (NNPC, 60%, and Total E&P Nigeria Ltd., 40%) | Amenamkpono offshore oilfield and 9 other oilfields | 4,600 | Not published |
| meters | Total Upstream Nigeria Ltd. (TUPNI) | Akpo and Usan offshore oilfields | 4,000 | Not published |
| meters | Nigerian Petroleum Development Company (NNPC, 100%) | Utorogu/Ugheli oilfield near Otudu and other oilfields | 3,100 | Not published |
| meters | Shell Nigeria Exploration and Production Co., 55%, and Esso Exploration & Production Nigeria (Deepwater) Ltd., 20% | Bonga offshore oilfield | 1,550 | Not published |
| meters | Star Deep Water Petroleum Ltd. (Chevron Nigeria Ltd., 67.3%, and NNPC, 15.9%) | Agbami offshore oilfield | 1,200 | Not published |
| meters | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Mobil Producing Nigeria Unlimited joint venture (NNPC, 60%, and Mobil Producing Nigeria Unlimited, 40%) | Oso offshore oilfield and 12 other oilfields | 860 | Not published |
| Liquefied million | Nigeria Liquefied Natural Gas Ltd. [Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC), 49%, and Shell Gas B.V., 25.6%] | Trains 1 through 6 at Finima Bonny Island | 22 | Not published |
| Niobium (columbium) | West African Mining Company Ltd. | NA | 240 | Not published |
| columbite-tantalite | Sodex Mines Nigeria Ltd. | Mine in Bauchi State | 190 | Not published |
| columbite-tantalite | Malcomines Ltd. | Mine in Plateau State | 160 | Not published |
| columbite-tantalite | First Patriot Ltd. | Mine in Ebonyi State | 60 | Not published |
| columbite-tantalite | Don & Chyke Nigeria Ltd. | NA | 30 | Not published |
| columbite-tantalite | Artisanal and small-scale miners | Various locations | 780 | Not published |
| Ammonia | Indorama Eleme Fertilizers & Chemicals Ltd. | Plant at Port Harcourt | 840,000 | Not published |
| Ammonia | Notore Chemical Industries Plc | Plant at Onne | 300,000 | Not published |
| Urea | Indorama Eleme Fertilizers & Chemicals Ltd. | Plant at Port Harcourt | 1,460,000 | Not published |
| Urea | Notore Chemical Industries Plc | Plant at Onne | 500,000 | Not published |
| Crude thousand | Total Upstream Nigeria Ltd. | Akpo and Usan offshore oilfields | 130,000 | Not published |
| 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC)and Mobil Producing Nigeria Unlimited joint venture (NNPC, 60%, and Mobil Producing Nigeria Unlimited, 40%) | Ubit offshore oilfield | 25,000 | Not published |
| 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC)and Mobil Producing Nigeria Unlimited joint venture (NNPC, 60%, and Mobil Producing Nigeria Unlimited, 40%) | Usari offshore oilfield | 22,000 | Not published |
| 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC)and Mobil Producing Nigeria Unlimited joint venture (NNPC, 60%, and Mobil Producing Nigeria Unlimited, 40%) | Yoho offshore oilfield | 18,000 | Not published |
| 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC)and Mobil Producing Nigeria Unlimited joint venture (NNPC, 60%, and Mobil Producing Nigeria Unlimited, 40%) | Enang South offshore oilfield | 8,400 | Not published |
| 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC)and Mobil Producing Nigeria Unlimited joint venture (NNPC, 60%, and Mobil Producing Nigeria Unlimited, 40%) | Asasa oilfield near Obofia | 6,300 | Not published |
| 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC)and Mobil Producing Nigeria Unlimited joint venture (NNPC, 60%, and Mobil Producing Nigeria Unlimited, 40%) | 20 other oilfields | 41,000 | Not published |
| 42-gallon | Star Deep Water Petroleum Ltd. (Chevron Nigeria Ltd., 67.3%, and NNPC, 15.9%) | Agbami offshore oilfield | 91,000 | Not published |
| 42-gallon | Shell Nigeria Exploration and Production Co. (SNEPCO), 55%, and Esso Exploration & Production Nigeria (Deepwater) Ltd., 20% | Bonga offshore oilfield | 82,000 | Not published |
| (Metric tons unless otherwise specified) | Major operating companies and major | Not published | Not published | Not published |
| Commodity | equity owners | Location of main facilities | Not published | Not published |
| Crude— thousand | Esso Exploration and Production Nigeria Ltd., 56%, and | Erha offshore oilfield | 77,000 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Shell Nigeria Exploration and Production Co. (SNEPCO), 44% | Not published | Not published | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Chevron Nigeria Ltd. joint venture (NNPC, 60%, and Chevron Nigeria Ltd., 40%) | Okan offshore oilfield | 19,000 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Chevron Nigeria Ltd. joint venture (NNPC, 60%, and Chevron Nigeria Ltd., 40%) | Gbokoda oilfield near Tebu | 11,000 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Chevron Nigeria Ltd. joint venture (NNPC, 60%, and Chevron Nigeria Ltd., 40%) | Meji offshore oilfield | 9,100 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Chevron Nigeria Ltd. joint venture (NNPC, 60%, and Chevron Nigeria Ltd., 40%) | Meren offshore oilfield | 8,200 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Chevron Nigeria Ltd. joint venture (NNPC, 60%, and Chevron Nigeria Ltd., 40%) | Dibi oilfield near Orejusisin | 7,700 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Chevron Nigeria Ltd. joint venture (NNPC, 60%, and Chevron Nigeria Ltd., 40%) | 20 other oilfields | 20,000 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria (SPDC) joint venture [NNPC, 55%; SPDC, 30%; Total E&P Nigeria Ltd., 10%; Nigerian Agip Oil Company Ltd. (NAOC), 5%] | Ea offshore oilfield | 20,000 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria (SPDC) joint venture [NNPC, 55%; SPDC, 30%; Total E&P Nigeria Ltd., 10%; Nigerian Agip Oil Company Ltd. (NAOC), 5%] | Agbd oilfield | 9,500 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria (SPDC) joint venture [NNPC, 55%; SPDC, 30%; Total E&P Nigeria Ltd., 10%; Nigerian Agip Oil Company Ltd. (NAOC), 5%] | Zara oilfield | 6,400 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria (SPDC) joint venture [NNPC, 55%; SPDC, 30%; Total E&P Nigeria Ltd., 10%; Nigerian Agip Oil Company Ltd. (NAOC), 5%] | Gbar oilfield at Gbaran-Ubie | 5,100 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria (SPDC) joint venture [NNPC, 55%; SPDC, 30%; Total E&P Nigeria Ltd., 10%; Nigerian Agip Oil Company Ltd. (NAOC), 5%] | Agbada offshore oilfield | 4,500 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria (SPDC) joint venture [NNPC, 55%; SPDC, 30%; Total E&P Nigeria Ltd., 10%; Nigerian Agip Oil Company Ltd. (NAOC), 5%] | 23 other oilfields | 19,000 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Total E&P Nigeria Ltd. joint venture (NNPC, 60%, and Total E&P Nigeria Ltd., 40%) | Ofon offshore oilfield | 15,000 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Total E&P Nigeria Ltd. joint venture (NNPC, 60%, and Total E&P Nigeria Ltd., 40%) | Amenamkpono offshore oilfield | 13,000 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Total E&P Nigeria Ltd. joint venture (NNPC, 60%, and Total E&P Nigeria Ltd., 40%) | Obagi oilfield at Obogwu | 4,900 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Total E&P Nigeria Ltd. joint venture (NNPC, 60%, and Total E&P Nigeria Ltd., 40%) | Edikan offshore oilfield | 2,700 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Total E&P Nigeria Ltd. joint venture (NNPC, 60%, and Total E&P Nigeria Ltd., 40%) | Ibewa Condensate oilfield near Erima | 2,700 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Total E&P Nigeria Ltd. joint venture (NNPC, 60%, and Total E&P Nigeria Ltd., 40%) | Ime offshore oilfield | 2,700 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Total E&P Nigeria Ltd. joint venture (NNPC, 60%, and Total E&P Nigeria Ltd., 40%) | 4 other oilfields | 3,100 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian Petroleum Development Company (NNPC, 100%) | Okono/Okpoho offshore oilfield | 15,000 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian Petroleum Development Company (NNPC, 100%) | Oben/Sapele/Amukpe oilfield near Idumessa | 12,000 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian Petroleum Development Company (NNPC, 100%) | Batan oilfield near Otomogbene | 4,700 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian Petroleum Development Company (NNPC, 100%) | Afisere/Eriemu oilfield | 3,900 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian Petroleum Development Company (NNPC, 100%) | Utorogu/Ugheli oilfield at Otudu | 2,900 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Nigerian Agip Oil Company Ltd. (NAOC) joint venture (NNPC, 60%; Oando Plc, 20%; and Phillips Oil Company Nigeria Ltd., 20%) | Ogbainbiri oilfield near Ogboinbiri | 5,600 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Nigerian Agip Oil Company Ltd. (NAOC) joint venture (NNPC, 60%; Oando Plc, 20%; and Phillips Oil Company Nigeria Ltd., 20%) | Idu oilfield at Iduobosuku | 3,500 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Nigerian Agip Oil Company Ltd. (NAOC) joint venture (NNPC, 60%; Oando Plc, 20%; and Phillips Oil Company Nigeria Ltd., 20%) | Oleh oilfield | 3,100 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Nigerian Agip Oil Company Ltd. (NAOC) joint venture (NNPC, 60%; Oando Plc, 20%; and Phillips Oil Company Nigeria Ltd., 20%) | Samabiri East oilfield near Ekowe | 2,700 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Nigerian Agip Oil Company Ltd. (NAOC) joint venture (NNPC, 60%; Oando Plc, 20%; and Phillips Oil Company Nigeria Ltd., 20%) | Okpai oilfield at Asaba Okpai | 2,600 | Not published |
| Continued 42-gallon | Nigerian National Petroleum Corp. (NNPC) and Nigerian Agip Oil Company Ltd. (NAOC) joint venture (NNPC, 60%; Oando Plc, 20%; and Phillips Oil Company Nigeria Ltd., 20%) | 17 other oilfields | 16,000 | Not published |
| Natural gas do. | Mobil Producing Nigeria Unlimited, 51%, and Nigerian National | Plant at Bonny Island | 18,000 | Not published |
| liquids | Petroleum Corp. (NNPC), 49% | Not published | Not published | Not published |
| Refined do. | Port Harcourt Refining Co. Ltd. (Government, 100%) | New Port Harcourt refinery | 55,000 | Not published |
| Refined do. | Port Harcourt Refining Co. Ltd. (Government, 100%) | Old Port Harcourt refinery | 22,000 | Not published |
| Refined do. | Warri Refinery and Petrochemicals Co. Ltd. (Government, 100%) | Warri refinery at Warri | 45,600 | Not published |
| Refined do. | Kaduna Refinery and Petrochemicals Co. Ltd. (Government, 100%) | Kaduna refinery at Kaduna | 40,000 | Not published |
| Refined do. | Chevron Nigeria Ltd. | Escravos Gas To Liquids Plant at Gbodoro | 12,000 | Not published |
| Construction | Artisanal and small-scale miners | Mines in Lagos State | 2,000,000 | Not published |
| Construction | FW Dredging Ltd. | Mine in Rivers State | 160,000 | Not published |
| Construction | Rockstan Shelters Ltd. | Mine in Delta State | 130,000 | Not published |
| Silica | Babako Construction Company Ltd. | Mine in Katsina State | 42,000 | Not published |
| (Metric tons unless otherwise specified) | Major operating companies and major | Not published | Not published | Not published |
| Commodity | equity owners | Location of main facilities | Not published | Not published |
| Granite | China Geo-engineering Company Nigeria Ltd. | Quarries in Gombe and other states | 4,000,000 | Not published |
| Granite | Julius Berger Nigeria Plc | Quarry in Federal Capital Territory | 1,800,000 | Not published |
| Granite | Zeberced Nigeria Ltd. | Quarry in Federal Capital Territory | 1,000,000 | Not published |
| Granite | Setraco Nigeria Ltd. | Quarries in Edo, Ebonyi, and Jigawa States | 990,000 | Not published |
| Granite | CCECC Nigeria Ltd. | Mine in Federal Capital Territory | 960,000 | Not published |
| Granite | Reynolds Construction Company Nigeria Ltd. | Quarries in Ogun and Oyo States | 850,000 | Not published |
| Granite | Crushed Rock Industries Ltd. | Quarry in Rivers State | 650,000 | Not published |
| Granite | Arab Contractors O.A.O Nigeria Ltd. | Quarry in Federal Capital Territory | 600,000 | Not published |
| Granite | Triacta Nigeria Ltd. | Quarries in Adamawa, Gombe, and Niger States | 580,000 | Not published |
| Granite | Ratcon Construction Company Ltd. | Quarry in Ogun and Oyo States | 430,000 | Not published |
| Granite | Georgio Rock Ltd. | Quarries in Edo State | 400,000 | Not published |
| Granite | Kopek Construction Ltd. | Quarries in Edo State | 350,000 | Not published |
| Limestone | Dangote Cement Plc | Quarry in Kogi State | 10,500,000 | Not published |
| Limestone | Dangote Cement Plc | Quarry in Ogun State | 9,500,000 | Not published |
| Limestone | Dangote Cement Plc | Quarry in Benue State | 700,000 | Not published |
| Limestone | West African Portland Cement Co. Ltd. (LafargeHolcim Group, 76.3%) | Quarries in Ogun State | 5,500,000 | Not published |
| Limestone | United Cement Co. of Nigeria Ltd. (LafargeHolcim Group, 100%) | Quarry in Cross River State | 2,200,000 | Not published |
| Limestone | Ashaka Cement Plc (LafargeHolcim Group, 76.3%) | Quarry in Gombe State | 1,100,000 | Not published |
| Limestone | Cement Co. of Northern Nigeria Plc (BUA Group, 50.7%) ` | Quarry in Sokoto State | 1,300,000 | Not published |
| Limestone | BUA International Ltd. (BUA Group) | Quarry in Edo State | 930,000 | Not published |
| Sulfur | Kaduna Refinery and Petrochemicals Co. Ltd. (Government, 100%) | Kaduna refinery at Kaduna | 6,600 | Not published |
| Tin, cassiterite | Artisanal and small scale miners | Mines in Oyo State | 7,000 | Not published |
| Tin, cassiterite | Artisanal and small scale miners | Mines in Plateau State | 6,800 | Not published |
| Tin, cassiterite | Sodex Mines Nigeria Ltd. | Mine in Bauchi State | 2,700 | Not published |
| Tin, cassiterite | Coltan Minerals Ltd. | Mine in Nasarawa State | 880 | Not published |
| Tin, cassiterite | Taoshi Mining and Exploration Ltd. | Mine in Oyo State | 840 | Not published |
| Tin, cassiterite | Astro Minerals Ltd. | Mine in Bauchi State | 550 | Not published |
| Tin, cassiterite | Artisanal miners | Mines in Federal Capital Territory | 280 | Not published |
| Zinc | Tongyi Allied Mining Ltd. | Mine in Federal Capital Territory | Not published | Not published |
Source: U.S. Geological Survey, Minerals Yearbook 2019, Nigeria. Last checked 24 October 2026.
What natural resources earn
Natural resource rents were 8.6% of GDP in 2021, with oil the largest part. That ranks Nigeria 25th of 54 African countries. See all 54.
View the data as a table
| Period | Oil | Natural gas | Minerals | Coal | Forests |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | 12.1 % | 0.6 % | 0.0 % | 0.0 % | 1.1 % |
| 2011 | 15.5 % | 1.0 % | 0.0 % | 0.0 % | 1.1 % |
| 2012 | 13.1 % | 0.9 % | 0.0 % | 0.0 % | 1.1 % |
| 2013 | 9.9 % | 0.7 % | 0.0 % | 0.0 % | 1.0 % |
| 2014 | 7.1 % | 0.7 % | 0.0 % | 0.0 % | 1.0 % |
| 2015 | 2.8 % | 0.6 % | 0.0 % | 0.0 % | 1.2 % |
| 2016 | 2.7 % | 0.5 % | 0.0 % | 0.0 % | 1.5 % |
| 2017 | 5.5 % | 0.7 % | 0.0 % | 0.0 % | 1.6 % |
| 2018 | 7.7 % | 1.0 % | 0.0 % | 0.0 % | 1.1 % |
| 2019 | 6.5 % | 0.9 % | 0.0 % | 0.0 % | 1.0 % |
| 2020 | 3.3 % | 0.7 % | 0.0 % | 0.0 % | 1.1 % |
| 2021 | 6.2 % | 1.2 % | 0.0 % | 0.0 % | 1.1 % |
| 2022 | Not published | Not published | Not published | Not published | Not published |
| 2023 | Not published | Not published | Not published | Not published | Not published |
| 2024 | Not published | Not published | Not published | Not published | Not published |
| 2025 | Not published | Not published | Not published | Not published | Not published |
| 2026 | Not published | Not published | Not published | Not published | Not published |
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Last checked 24 October 2026.
Forest, share of land (2024)
18.9 %
Arable land, share of land (2024)
40.8 %
Renewable fresh water per person (2022)
990 m³
Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Last checked 24 October 2026.
Method and sources
Oil, gas and coal output and coal reserves are from the U.S. Energy Information Administration. Oil and gas proved reserves are the EIA figures republished by Our World in Data; oil is converted from cubic metres to barrels at the standard factor. World production, reserves and ranks are from the U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Commodity Summaries, ranked among the countries USGS names. The full list of commodities and the companies that mine them are from the USGS Minerals Yearbook country tables, which run a few years behind. Rents, land and water are from the World Bank, and export shares from UN Comtrade. Nothing is estimated by us. Figures last checked on 24 October 2026.
USGS country page for Nigeria. EIA international energy data. World Bank resource rents.
Frequently asked questions
What natural resources does Nigeria have?
Nigeria's main natural resources are crude oil, natural gas, coal, tantalum, beryllium and rare earths. It was the world's 3rd largest producer of tantalum in 2025, with 15.6% of world output. Oil, gas and coal made up 85.9% of its goods exports in 2025. The World Bank puts natural resource rents at 8.6% of GDP in 2021, mostly from oil. The U.S. Geological Survey also records production of gold, iron ore, lead, manganese, niobium and tin, among 39 mineral commodities.
Does Nigeria produce oil?
Yes. Nigeria produced about 1,605,414 barrels of crude oil a day in 2025, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration. Proved oil reserves were 36.9 billion barrels in 2021.
What is Nigeria's most valuable natural resource?
By export earnings, oil, gas and coal: 85.9% of goods exports in 2025, according to UN Comtrade.
How much do natural resources contribute to Nigeria's economy?
Natural resource rents, the value of resources extracted minus the cost of extracting them, were 8.6% of GDP in 2021. That ranks Nigeria 25th of 54 African countries.
Which companies mine in Nigeria?
The U.S. Geological Survey's 2019 list of Nigeria's mineral industry names 66 operating companies, including Dangote Cement Plc, United Cement Co. of Nigeria Ltd., West African Portland Cement Co. Ltd., Ashaka Cement Plc and Edo Cement Co. Ltd.. The full list is on this page.
Where does Nigeria rank in world mineral production?
In 2025, Nigeria ranked 3rd for tantalum, 4th for beryllium, 10th for rare earths and 13th for tin among the producers the U.S. Geological Survey lists.